This is also called the Barrett’s syndrome or CELLO (columnar epithelium lined lower oesophagus). This is nothing but the abnormal changes in the cells of the lower end of the oesophagus. The normal lining of the esophagus is replaced by one like the intestinal esophagus. It is suspected to be caused due to the chronic acid exposure. The patients who seek medication for heartburn are more prone to Barrett’s esophagus. This is usually diagnosed by the endoscopy and biopsy. The sequence from Barrett’s esophagus to a cancer divided into non-dysplastic changes, low-grade and high-grade dysplasia and frank carcinoma. This is basically caused due to the gastro esophageal reflux disease. This allows the damage in cells of the stomach lining. Some of the symptoms of Barrett’s esophagus are frequent and longstanding heartburn, trouble swallowing, vomiting blood, pain under the breastbone where the esophagus meets the stomach and unintentional weight loss because eating is painful. Laser treatment is used for severe dysplasia and it may require a surgery if there is going to be overt malignancy. They have found that photodynamic therapy also has proven to be eliminating the dysplastic growth areas.